What to Expect After Rotator Cuff Repair Surgery

Rotator cuff repair surgery is performed to address tears in the tendons that help stabilise and move the shoulder joint. Following surgery, recovery involves a structured process aimed at protecting the repair, restoring movement, and gradually rebuilding strength. Understanding what typically occurs after rotator cuff repair surgery may help patients prepare for the recovery period and set realistic expectations.
 

Recovery timelines can vary depending on the extent of the tear, the surgical technique used, and individual health factors.

Immediate Period After Surgery

In the initial period after rotator cuff repair surgery, patients commonly experience shoulder pain, swelling, and limited movement. Pain control measures are usually prescribed to manage discomfort and allow rest.
 

The operated arm is often supported in a sling to protect the repaired tendon and limit shoulder movement. The duration of sling use varies depending on the size of the tear and surgical advice.

Pain and Swelling Management

Pain and swelling are expected during the early stages of recovery. Management may include prescribed pain medication, cold therapy, and activity restriction.
 

Pain levels typically reduce gradually over time, although some discomfort may persist during rehabilitation exercises as shoulder movement is reintroduced.

Immobilisation and Protection of the Repair

Protecting the repaired tendon is a key focus in the early recovery phase.

Use of a Shoulder Sling

A shoulder sling is commonly used to minimise stress on the repaired rotator cuff. Patients are usually advised to keep the sling on for several weeks, removing it only for hygiene or guided exercises as instructed.

Activity Restrictions

During this phase, lifting, reaching overhead, or sudden shoulder movements are generally avoided to reduce the risk of re-injury. Adhering to movement restrictions is important for tendon healing.

Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation

Physiotherapy is a central component of recovery after rotator cuff repair surgery. Rehabilitation is usually introduced in stages to balance tendon healing with gradual restoration of movement.

Early Rehabilitation Phase

Initial physiotherapy often focuses on passive movements, where the shoulder is moved with assistance to prevent stiffness without activating the repaired tendon.

Progressive Strengthening Phase

As healing progresses, active movement and strengthening exercises are gradually introduced. These exercises aim to restore shoulder strength, stability, and function over time.
 

Rehabilitation programmes are tailored to individual recovery progress and surgical findings.

Return to Daily Activities

The timing of return to daily activities varies between patients.

Routine Activities

Light activities such as desk work or gentle daily tasks may be resumed gradually, depending on comfort and clinical guidance.

Work and Sports Activities

Physically demanding work, overhead tasks, and sports activities typically require a longer recovery period. Clearance for these activities is usually based on strength, range of motion, and functional assessment.

Follow-Up and Monitoring

Regular follow-up appointments allow the surgical team to monitor healing progress and adjust rehabilitation plans if needed. Imaging studies may be used in selected cases to assess tendon healing.

Potential Challenges During Recovery

Some patients may experience stiffness, prolonged weakness, or slower-than-expected recovery. These challenges are addressed through ongoing rehabilitation and clinical review.
 

Adherence to physiotherapy programmes and activity restrictions plays an important role in minimising complications and supporting functional recovery.

When to Seek Medical Advice

Patients are advised to seek medical review if they experience:

• Increasing pain or swelling
• Signs of infection, such as redness or fever
• Sudden loss of shoulder movement or strength
• Concerns about recovery progress
   

Early assessment with an orthopaedic surgeon can help identify and manage potential issues promptly.

Recovery after rotator cuff repair surgery is a gradual process that involves pain management, protection of the repair, and structured rehabilitation. While timelines vary, adherence to post-operative guidance and physiotherapy is important for restoring shoulder function. Understanding what to expect after surgery may help patients navigate recovery with greater confidence and realistic expectations.